Hall of Fame pitcher Masaaki Koyama passed away from congestive heart failure last week. He was 90 years old.
Koyama failed in a tryout with the Taiyo Shochiku Robins in 1953 before signing with the Osaka Tigers as a trainee and batting practice pitcher when he was just 18 years old. His being a distant relative of Seizo Noda, president of Hanshin Electric Railway and chairman of the board of Osaka Baseball Club, has been rumored to have played a part in the Tigers signing him. He quickly got promoted to a spot on the farm team and made his debut with the top team late in the season, going 5-1 in 16 games and throwing one shutout.
He moved into the rotation for good the following season and quickly established himself as the Tigers ace. He really hit his stride in 1958, starting a streak of three consecutive seasons in which he won 20 games each year. He was the Tigers starting pitcher in the Emperor's Game in 1959.
After a down year in 1961 that saw him lose 22 games, he bounced back in 1962 with what was probably his best season ever. He went 27-11 with an ERA of 1.66 and 270 strikeouts in 352 2/3 innings. He threw a Central League record 13 shutouts that season, including five in a row. He also had a streak of 47 consecutive scoreless innings.
He and Minoru Murayama combined to start 78 of the Tigers 133 games that season and led the team to its first ever Central League pennant. Manager Sadayoshi Fujimoto quipped that his pitching rotation was "Koyama, Murayama, and pray for rain". Koyama started against the Pacific League champion Toei Flyers in Game One of the Nippon Series and pitched into the tenth inning, despite having given up five runs. Murayama relieved him with two outs in the tenth and got the win when the Tigers walked it off in the bottom of the inning. He started and lost Game 4 and then came in in relief in Game 5 the next day and gave up a sayonara home run to Koichi Iwashita in the bottom of the 11th.
The Tigers had their backs to the wall for Game 7. They were down three games to two with Game Three having ended in a tie, and needed to win to stave off elimination and force a decisive Game Eight. Koyama got the start and pitched well, keeping the Flyers off the board for nine innings. The bad news for Hanshin was that Flyers starter Osamu Kubota was pitching just as well and the scoreless tie went into extra innings. Koyama finally gave up a run on a sacrifice fly to Masayuki Tanemo in the tenth and that's when things got kind of controversial. After the half inning was over, Koyama apparently thought he was done and went to the locker room. The Tigers tied the game in the bottom of the tenth but Koyama hadn't returned to the dugout in time for the top of the eleventh. Fujimoto had to sent Murayama to the mound without him having warmed up. Murayama kept the Flyers off the board in the eleventh but gave up a go ahead home run to Akio Saionji in the twelfth to lose the game and the Series.
Afterwards, Fujimoto suggested that Koyama had not played his best in the Series because he was disappointed to have not won the Central League MVP award - Murayama won it instead. Fujimoto proposed that the league not announce the award winners until after the end of the Nippon Series and the league has done so ever since. Koyama did win his only Sawamura Award that season.
Koyama slumped to 14-14 in 1963 and the Tigers slumped with him, dropping to third place with a 69-70-1 record. Hanshin's management felt that the team needed to add offense and worked out the "Trade Of The Century" with the Daimai Orions - a blockbuster trade that would sent Koyama to the Orions for slugger Kazuhiro Yamauchi.
The new league agreed with Koyama as he went 30-12 with the renamed Tokyo Orions in 1964. (The Tigers did well too, winning the Central League pennant again before losing to the Nankai Hawks in the first all-Kansai Nippon Series.) He'd run off two more 20 win seasons in 1965 and 1966 (although he also lost 20 in 1965). He was a player-coach from 1966-68 but may have been injured in 1968 as he only made 25 appearances that season. He only pitched in 87 innings in 1968 after having pitched 200+ innings in each of the previous 12 seasons. He played in the Fall Instructional League in the US in 1967 as a guest of the Detroit Tigers (along with three other Orions players).
He recovered from whatever cost him time in 1968 and went 11-7 in 1969. 1970 would see him notch a 16-11 record and help the now-Lotte Orions to the Pacific League pennant. He appeared in three games in the Nippon Series against the Giants, taking the loss in Game Three on another eleventh inning home run - this time by Shigeo Nagashima. Yomiuri would win the Series in five games - their six championship of the V9 era.
He won his 300th game on May 3, 1971, driving in the game winning run with a double in the eighth inning to beat Toei.
His future was in question after the 1972 season in which he went 9-6 with a career worst ERA of 4.08. Lotte had a new manager coming in - Masaichi Kaneda - and Koyama was now 38 years old. Koyama's Japanese Wikipedia page says that Leo Durocher attempted to acquire him for the Astros around this time but I don't know how serious the attempt was. Obviously it didn't happen.
The Orions ended up trading him to the Taiyo Whales - the team he had failed his tryout with 20 years earlier - for Hiroshi Kito and Taiichi Yasuda. The intention was for him to be the Whale's pitching coach but he was pressed into active service by manager Noburo Aota. He went 4-4 with a 2.54 ERA in 15 games before hanging up his spikes for good at the end of the season.
After retiring as an active player, he had several coaching jobs over the next 25 years. He had three separate stints with the Tigers along with one each with the Lions and Hawks. He worked as TV commentator when he wasn't coaching.
He ended his career with 320 wins, third highest in NPB history behind Kaneda and Tetsuya Yoneda. He's also third all time behind Kaneda and Yoneda in strikeouts (3159) and innings pitched (4899). His 74 career shutouts is also third on the all time list although this time it's behind Victor Starffin and Kaneda. He's the only player in NPB history with 100 wins in each league.
Surprisingly he only led the league in any major category three times - wins (1964), winning percentage (1962) and strikeouts (1962). He also only won one major award - the 1962 Sawamura Award. He never won a Best 9 award but he was an 11-time All Star. He was elected to the Hall Of Fame in 2001.*
*This seems incredibly late given that he retired 28 years earlier but I think there was something in the eligibility rules at the time about a player having to have been retired from ANY role in baseball for a certain number of years and Koyama was a coach up until 1998. This explains why Shigeo Nagashima and Sadaharu Oh weren't elected to the Hall Of Fame until 1988 and 1994 respectively despite their final seasons as players being in 1974 and 1980. And also why there's such a backlog of deserving players who have not yet been inducted into the Hall Of Fame.
There were a lot of contemporary baseball cards issued of Koyama as a Tiger - he shows up in a variety of menko, bromide, candy and game sets - but not many as a member of the Orions and none as a member of the Whales. The menko age pretty much ended a year after his trade to Tokyo and there were very few cards issued until Calbee started up in 1973. The 1967 Kabaya-Leaf set was the big exception but it only had cards for half the teams and the Orions weren't one of those teams. He's been featured fairly often in BBM OB issues over the past 25 years or so, however. Here's some of his cards - both from when he was an active player and from modern sets:
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1958 Marukami JCM 31c Type II (Shozo Watanabe, Mitsuo Osaki and Koyama) |
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1959 Maruten JCM 135 (#2 in sequence) |
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1959 Maruten JCM 135 (#8 in sequence)
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1963 Marukami JCM 14f |
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1964 Marukami JCM 14g |
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1991 BBM #229 |
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2000 BBM 20th Century Best 9 #369 |
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2006 BBM Nostalgic Baseball #093 |
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2016 BBM Fusion #058 |
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2021 BBM Marines History 1950-2021 #09 |
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2022 BBM Fusion #27 |
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2024 BBM Professional Baseball 90th Anniversary #110 |
A couple quick notes:
- That 2016 BBM Fusion card commemorates him getting at least one base hit for 21 consecutive seasons which was a record for a pitcher until it was broken by Daisuke Miura that season
- The 2022 BBM Fusion card is the only card I've ever seen of him as a Taiyo Whale. Hell, it's the only PICTURE I've ever seen of him as a Taiyo Whale
- The 2024 BBM Professional Baseball 90th Anniversary card commemorates the "Trade Of The Century" and features him and Yamauchi (on the left) at the press conference announcing the trade on December 26th, 1963
- I'm wondering now if the 2013 BBM "The Trade Stories" set was meant to commemorate the 50th Anniversary of the "Trade Of The Century". Koyama and Yamauchi are the first two cards in the set.